Analysis of Forehand Smash Angles in Badminton Athletes in Banda Aceh City

Abstract

Along with advances in sports science and motion analysis technology, it is expected that coaches and athletes can improve the quality of their game through a more measurable and research-based approach. In badminton, the forehand smash technique is one of the main ways to attack and gain points. Therefore, it is very important to understand how the angle of the stroke can affect both the accuracy and speed of the smash. This study aims to analyze the effect of forehand smash angle on the accuracy and speed of shots of badminton athletes. The method used in this study is descriptive quantitative. The population studied included athletes from two badminton clubs in Banda Aceh City, namely PB Pasha Jaya and PB Bullodzher, with a total sampling technique. In this study, the sample consisted of 10 athletes from both clubs in Banda Aceh City selected by the total sampling method. Data was collected through video recordings of smash movements from various angles and analyzed using Kinovea software. The findings from the study showed that the most effective angle for forehand smashes, which produces the best balance between speed and accuracy, lies between 70° to 78°. Within this angle range, the shuttlecock generally has a steep downward trajectory and falls in strategic areas, especially in targets 1 and 2 which are the opponent's back right and left regions. An angle of 78.48° was recorded as the most accurate for target 1, while 70.03° for target 2. The average speed measured in this angle range ranged from 103 km/h to 123 km/h, showing effectiveness at high levels of play. The characteristics of these angles allow for shots that dive sharply, are difficult to return, and are precisely aimed. The results of this study emphasize that smash success depends not only on physical strength, but also on the ability to adjust the angle of attack, proper timing, and strategic shuttlecock placement. Thus, the combination of biomechanical techniques, angle mastery, and good decision-making are important factors to create powerful, fast, and accurate forehand smashes.