Stakeholder Cooperation Patterns in Overcoming Tourism Scams in the KEK (Special Economic Zone) Tourism Area of Mandalika, Cen-tral Lombok, Indonesia

Abstract

This research aims to identify forms of stakeholder cooperation to address tourism scams in the Mandalika Special Economic Zone, Central Lombok. Scam tourism is a fraudulent activity perpetrated by perpetrators to profit personally, ultimately damaging a destination's reputation and undermining tourism sustainability. This research uses a qualitative case study approach. The researchers collected data through non-participant observation, distribution of questionnaires, in-depth interviews with key actors—including the Central Lombok Tourism Office, the police/tourist protection task force, ITDC Mandalika, business owners, and local communities—and documentation. The data analysis technique employs the Miles and Huberman model, which comprises four stages: data collection, data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion. Source triangulation is used to verify and validate data by comparing information across informants to ensure the credibility of the research findings. The research results indicate that a pattern of cooperation has emerged, with the Central Lombok Tourism Office as the primary driver. Support is provided by security personnel, ITDC Mandalika, local communities, and business operators through several initiatives, including the formation of a tourism security team, training, and law enforcement against fraudulent actors.

Nevertheless, the implementation of this collaboration has not been optimal. Public education remains limited; the case-reporting system is not technology-based; and active public participation in the decision-making process remains minimal. The main constraints include weak inter-agency coordination and insufficient human resources. This research recommends stronger inter-sectoral coordination, increased human resource capacity, the development of digital reporting systems, and the active involvement of the community and business actors. The research recommends formalising cooperation through joint regulations, emphasising continuous education, emphasising the role of the community, establishing an integrated task force, integrating reporting, and optimising technology to build sustainable destinations.