Comparative Studies of the Clarification Potentials of Ferric Chloride and Moringa Oleifera Coagulants

Owen Chukwuebuka Abuka, Ekeleme Anthony Chibuzo, Amaefule Excel Obumneme, Nnaemeka Chukwudi Nwachukwu

Abstract

The significant treatment costs of drinking water make treated water costly, raising the price of clean and helping make clean water inaccessible to the poor people in rural communities. This compels them to turn to readily available sources which are mainly contaminated. This subjects them to waterborne diseases.

In this context, this study was carried out to validate the efficiency and, if feasible, the substitution of Ferric Chloride utilised in the treatment of water using Moringa Oleiferaseeds, a cheap and widely accessible indigenous coagulant. The quality of water was tested on collection compared to those treated with Ferric Chloride and Moringa Seeds. Doses of 5 g, 10 g, 15 g, 20 g, 25 g and 30 g of both coagulants were used to treat 500 ml of water. Control water without Ferric Chloride and Moringa treatments was included. The pH, turbidity, conductivity and COD were measured. From the ANOVA statistical analysis, several factors such as pH were analysed, and there was a wide variation between the two treatments of Moringa and Ferric Chloride.

 




Keywords


Moringa Oleifera, Ferric Chloride, water treatment, Coagulants, Turbidity

Full Text:

PDF


References


Driscoll, C., Letterman, R. (1995). Factors regulating residual Aluminium concentrations in treated waters. Environmetrics, 6(3), 287–309. doi: 10.1002/env.3170060306

Ghebremichael, K., Gunaratna, K., Henriksson, H., Brumer, H., & Dalhammar, G., (2005). A simple purification and activity assay of the coagulant protein from Moringa oleifera seed. Water Research, 39(11), 2333–2344. doi: 10.1016/j.watres.2005.04.012

Jahn, S.A.A. (1988). Using Moringa Seeds as Coagulants in Developing Countries. Journal - American Water Works Association, 80(6), 43-50. doi: 10.1002/j.1551-8833.1988.tb03052.x

Kalibbala, H. M. (2007). Application of indigenous materials in drinking water treatment. Stockholm: Mark- och vattenteknik Land and Water Resource Engineering.

Kawamura, S. (1991). Effectiveness of Natural Polyelectrolytes in Water Treatment. Journal - American Water Works Association, 83(10), 88–91. doi: 10.1002/j.1551-8833.1991.tb07236.x

Letterman, R. D., & American Water Works Association. (2002). Water quality and treatment: A handbook of community water supplies. Norwich: Knovel.

Manyaka, M. S., Pietersen, A., & The Department of Water Affairs and Forestry. (1998). Quality of domestic water supplies: assessment guide. Pretoria: Department of Water Affairs and Forestry.

Muyibi S. A. (1993). The use of Moringa Oleifera seeds in water treatment (Unpublished progress report of research). University of Newcastle upon Tyne.

Ndabigengesere, A., & Subba Narasiah, K. (1998). Quality of water treated by coagulation using Moringa oleifera seeds. Water Research, 32(3), 781–791. doi: 10.1016/s0043-1354(97)00295-9

Ndabigengesere, A., Narasiah, K., & Talbot, B. (1995). Active agents and mechanism of coagulation of turbid waters using Moringa oleifera. Water Research, 29(2), 703–710. doi: 10.1016/0043-1354(94)00161-y

Sulaiman, A., Attalla, F., Sherif, M. (2016). Water Pollution: Source and Treatment. American Journal of Environmental Engineering, 6(3), 88–98.

United States. (1994). Water quality standards handbook. Washington: United States Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Water.

World Health Organization. (2006). Guidelines for Drinking-Water Quality (3rd ed., Vol. 1). Geneva: WHO.


Article Metrics

Metrics Loading ...

Metrics powered by PLOS ALM

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.




Copyright (c) 2022 Owen Chukwuebuka Abuka, Ekeleme Anthony Chibuzo, Excel Obumneme Amaefule, Nnaemeka Chukwudi Nwachukwu

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.