Isolation of Pheophytin A and β-amyrin from Newbouldia laevis (P. Beauv) Leaf Extract

Odo Peter, Amako Ngozi, Samuel Ekene Odo, Ihemadu Chiaguguom, Felix Grace

Abstract

Pulverized leaves samples of Newbouldia laevis were extracted by cold maceration using methanol. The extract was concentrated in vacuo to yield a reddish brown solid of 120.191 g. The crude methanol extract was partitioned into n-hexane 0.1 g, dichloromethane 2.5 g, ethyl acetate 4.6 g, and methanol 10.0 g, fractions via coarse chromatography. Methanol fraction gave the highest yield and was subjected to further purification using repeated column chromatography to yield pure components, namely NLM24 (Rf 0.48), EAc:n-hex:MeOH (4:5:1) and NLM19 (Rf0.47), EAc:n-hex:MeOH, respectively. These pure fractions were subjected to 1H NMR, 13C, COSY, HSQC and HMBC spectroscopy. Pheophytin A and β-amyrin were proposed as the structures of the isolated compounds. Even though the pure fractions were not used for the analgesic activity, the literature reveals that pheophytin A & β-amyrin are potent analgesics.

10.22178/pos.82-16


Keywords


analgesic; Newbouldia laevis; pheophytin A; β-amyrin

Full Text:

PDF


References


Ainooson, G. K., Woode, E., Obiri, D. D., & Koffour, G. A. (2009). Antinociceptive Effects of Newbouldia laevis (P. Beauv.) Stem Bark Extract in a Rat Model. Pharmacognosy Magazine, 5(17), 49–54.

Akerele, J., Ayinde, B., & Ngiagah, J. (2011). Phytochemical and Antibacterial Evaluations of the Stem Bark of Newbouldia laevis against Isolates from Infected Wounds and Eyes. Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, 10(2). doi: 10.4314/tjpr.v10i2.66566

Ekalu, A., Ayo, R. G.-O., Habila, J. D., & Hamisu, I. (2019). Phaeophytin and Triterpenoids from Brachystelma togoense Schltr, a Nigerian Medicinal Herb. Asian Journal of Chemical Sciences, 1–5. doi: 10.9734/ajocs/2019/v6i118990

Santos, F. A., Frota, J. T., Arruda, B. R., de Melo, T. S., da Silva, A. A., Brito, G. A., Chaves, M. H., & Rao, V. S. (2012). Antihyperglycemic and hypolipidemic effects of α, β-amyrin, a triterpenoid mixture from Protium heptaphyllum in mice. Lipids in health and disease, 11, 98. doi: 10.1186/1476-511X-11-98

Ferruzzi, M. G., Bohm, V., Courtney, P. D., & Schwartz, S. J. (2002). Antioxidant and Antimutagenic Activity of Dietary Chlorophyll Derivatives Determined by Radical Scavenging and Bacterial Reverse Mutagenesis Assays. Journal of Food Science, 67(7), 2589–2595. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2621.2002.tb08782.x

Lanfer-Marquez, U. M., Barros, R. M. C., & Sinnecker, P. (2005). Antioxidant activity of chlorophylls and their derivatives. Food Research International, 38(8-9), 885–891. doi: 10.1016/j.foodres.2005.02.012

Winter, C. A., Risley, E. A., & Nuss, G. W. (1962). Carrageenin-induced edema in hind paw of the rat as an assay for antiiflammatory drugs. Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine. Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine, 111, 544–547. doi: 10.3181/00379727-111-27849

Kensler, T. W., Groopman, J. D., & Roebuck, B. D. (1998). Use of aflatoxin adducts as intermediate endpoints to assess the efficacy of chemopreventive interventions in animals and man. Mutation research, 402(1-2), 165–172. doi: 10.1016/s0027-5107(97)00294-7

Dingley, K. H., Ubick, E. A., Chiarappa-Zucca, M. L., Nowell, S., Abel, S., Ebeler, S. E., Mitchell, A. E., Burns, S. A., Steinberg, F. M., & Clifford, A. J. (2003). Effect of dietary constituents with chemopreventive potential on adduct formation of a low dose of the heterocyclic amines PhIP and IQ and phase II hepatic enzymes. Nutrition and cancer, 46(2), 212–221. doi: 10.1207/S15327914NC4602_15

Dias, M. O., Hamerski, L., & Pinto, A. C. (2011). Separação semipreparativa de α e β-amirina por cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência. Química Nova, 34(4), 704–706. doi: 10.1590/s0100-40422011000400026

Simão da Silva, K. A. B., Paszcuk, A. F., Passos, G. F., Silva, E. S., Bento, A. F., Meotti, F. C., & Calixto, J. B. (2011). Activation of cannabinoid receptors by the pentacyclic triterpene α,β-amyrin inhibits inflammatory and neuropathic persistent pain in mice. Pain, 152(8), 1872–1887. doi: 10.1016/j.pain.2011.04.005

Patgiri, B., Umretia, B., Vaishnav, P., Prajapati, P., Shukla, V., & Ravishankar, B. (2014). Anti-inflammatory activity of Guduchi Ghana (aqueous extract of Tinospora Cordifolia Miers.). AYU (An International Quarterly Journal of Research in Ayurveda), 35(1), 108. doi: 10.4103/0974-8520.141958

Ali, N. (2013). Brine shrimp cytotoxicity of crude methanol extract and antispasmodic activity of α-amyrin acetate from Tylophora hirsuta Wall. BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies, 13, 135. doi: 10.1186/1472-6882-13-135

Akunyili, D. (2000). Anticonvulsant Activity of the Ethanolic extract of Newbouldia laevis. Proceedings of the 2nd NAAP Scientific Conference, Zaria, 155–158.

Furst, D., & Manning, D. (2001). Future directions in pain management. The Clinical and Experimental Rheumatology, 19(9), 71–76.


Article Metrics

Metrics Loading ...

Metrics powered by PLOS ALM

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Bookmark and Share


Copyright (c) 2022 Odo Peter, Amako Ngozi, Odo Ekene, Ihemadu Chiaguguom, Felix Grace

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.